Serialization

Most value objects serialize through valueOf().

const email = new Email('user@example.com');

JSON.stringify({ email: email.valueOf() });

Objects with primitive helpers

Some objects provide explicit primitive helpers.

const interval = new TimestampInterval(start, end);
const primitives = interval.toPrimitives();
const restored = TimestampInterval.fromPrimitives(primitives);

Rebuilding values

Deserialize by passing primitive values back into constructors or factory methods.

const stored = {
  email: 'user@example.com',
  createdAt: 1782218400000,
};

const email = new Email(stored.email);
const createdAt = new Timestamp(stored.createdAt);

Notes

• valueOf() is the safest default for persistence payloads.
• Use explicit helper methods when available.